ТиЕн-Би Проекти ООД

What Does an Investment Project Include?

sylvie — Mon, 15 Sep 2025 11:56:08 +0000

What Does an Investment Project Include?

An investment project is the “blueprint” of any construction — it describes and illustrates everything necessary to ensure that a building or facility is built with quality and safety.

Depending on the project, it may contain different sections, but the most common main ones are:

Architecture and Structures
- architectural part – how the building will look from outside and inside;
- interior and furnishing – layout and functionality of internal spaces;
- structural part – foundations, load-bearing walls, slabs, roof.
Installations and Networks
- electrical installation;
- water supply and sewerage;
- heating, ventilation, and air conditioning;
- gas supply (if necessary);
- energy efficiency – for energy savings and better insulation.
Surrounding Space
- geodesy and terrain planning;
- landscaping and site improvement.
Specialized Sections
- fire safety;
- occupational health and safety plan;
- traffic organization around the site;
- construction waste management plan.

Why are so many sections important?

Because each one ensures that the building won’t have any “gaps” – won’t be left without fire safety measures, proper electrical installation, or a health and safety plan for the construction process. In other words, the project is a complete picture, not just a facade drawing.

Who monitors coordination?

Each specialist is responsible for their section, but the project as a whole must be coordinated and harmonized by the lead designer. This prevents conflicts – for example, ensuring electrical installations don’t interfere with the structure or heating systems don’t compromise the architectural design.

House Design Process and Required Documents (Part 1)

sylvie — Sun, 14 Sep 2025 05:18:33 +0000

What are the stages and documents required for house design that investors need to provide?

The complete technical design submitted for municipal approval includes:

Architecture project;
Geodesy project;
Electrical project;
Water supply and sewerage project;
Construction and structural project;
Technical control for the Construction and structural project;
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) project;
Safety and health plan project;
Fire safety project.

The following design parts may also be required depending on the specifics of the property:

Landscape architecture project;
Energy efficiency project;
Construction waste management plan project.

If you are unsure which design parts are necessary for your property and upcoming construction, you can submit an inquiry for assistance and a site inspection.

To complete the full technical project, you first need to have the following documents. It is important to note that the process of preparing the documents and obtaining approvals may take some time, so it is recommended to start preparation well in advance.

The necessary documents are:

Proof of land ownership;
Design permit, which is an extract from the current Spatial Development Plan (PDP) – issued by the chief architect of the respective municipality and valid for 6 months
Obtaining an opinion for connection from the following operating companies:
- Electricity Distribution Company;
- Water Supply and Sewerage Company.

*To submit the design documents, all of the above documents are required. The proof of ownership is needed to obtain the design permit and later the building permit. It is also important to monitor the validity of issued documents to avoid paying additional fees for re-issuance due to poor organization of the process.

House Design Process and Required Documents (Part 2)

sylvie — Sat, 13 Sep 2025 12:13:08 +0000

Terms you may encounter during the process of obtaining the required documents:

Geodetic survey of the property – a detailed plan of the land plot surface, including accurate data about its dimensions, terrain, slope, existing buildings, and major vegetation.
Geological and hydrological survey of the site – these studies are required for preparing the project documentation for the structural project, as well as for calculating the grounding installation in the electrical project.
Land ownership document – a notarial deed certifying that you are the legal owner of the land where the construction will take place.
Design visa – an extract from the current detailed development plan (DDP), containing the building parameters for the property, issued by the chief architect of the respective municipality.
Conceptual Project, Technical Project, and Working (Detailed) Project – the different design stages, each providing a higher level of detail and completeness than the previous one. The projects from an earlier stage can serve as a basis for the next ones (for example, a Conceptual Project may be used as an assignment for a Technical Project). Whether the project will be developed in more than one phase depends on the decision of the Client and/or the control authorities. For obtaining a building permit, Technical Projects or Working Projects are required. For additional information about the differences between the design stages, feel free to contact us.
Building Permit – issued by the municipality based on the submitted project documentation and all other required documents.
Statements from Utility Companies – such as the electricity distribution company and the water and sewerage (WSS) company, concerning connection to the respective networks.
- For the Electricity Distribution Company Statement, you must provide the required power capacity for the property in order to obtain approval for connection to the electrical grid. For determining these capacities, you should consult with a designer of the Electrical Project.
- From the Water and Sewerage Company, you will receive permission for connection to the water supply and sewage systems.

Development and Regulation Plan (DRP) – regarding the regulated land plots, the DRP defines:
- The regulatory boundaries of the plot towards the street and towards the neighboring plots. The street is shown with its exact width.
- The building layout within the plot – the building footprints of the planned structures and the retained existing ones. These determine the type of construction: detached, when the building is at the required distance from the plot boundaries, or attached, when it is built on the boundary wall-to-wall with the neighboring building. The number of floors for each building in the plot is also defined.
Urban development and elevation plan – defines precisely:
- The position and outline of the buildings on the plan, as well as the minimum distances between them and to the regulatory boundaries, in accordance with the allowable density and intensity of development for the zone.
- The necessary elevation profiles, showing: the maximum building heights (in absolute levels), the number of floors, the roof shape and slope, and the architectural relationship between the buildings, ensuring a coherent spatial and architectural composition.

Minimum Dimensions of Regulated Land Plots (RLP)

sylvie — Fri, 12 Sep 2025 12:25:48 +0000

The Spatial Planning Act defines the minimum sizes of regulated land plots (RLP) intended for development.

For low-rise residential construction up to 10 m:

In cities – area of 300 sq.m with a frontage of at least 14 m;
In resort settlements – area of 500 sq.m with a frontage of at least 16 m;
In villa zones – area of 600 sq.m with a frontage of at least 18 m;
In villages or their parts with predominantly flat terrain – area of 500 sq.m with a frontage of at least 16 m, and for specific terrain and economic conditions, as well as along main streets – area of 300 sq.m with a frontage of at least 14 m;
In villages or their parts with predominantly steep terrain – area of 250 sq.m with a frontage of at least 12 m.

When regulating land plots for low-rise residential construction, either detached or attached in two plots, the following dimensions shall be observed:

In cities – at least 14 m frontage and an area of 300 sq.m;
(amend. – SG, No. 65/2003) In resort settlements and resort zones within populated areas – at least 16 m frontage and an area of 500 sq.m;
In villa zones – at least 18 m frontage and an area of 600 sq.m;
In villages or parts of them with predominantly flat terrain – at least 16 m frontage and an area of 500 sq.m, and for specific terrain and economic conditions, as well as along main streets – at least 14 m frontage and an area of 300 sq.m;
In villages or parts of them with predominantly steep terrain – at least 12 m frontage and an area of 250 sq.m.

What are the types of Detailed Development Plans (DDPs) and what should we know about them?

sylvie — Thu, 11 Sep 2025 12:27:26 +0000

What types of DDPs exist and what is important to know about them?

Before we answer this question, it is important to understand the legal framework that regulates spatial planning and land development.

The Spatial Development Act (SDA) – provides planning status for land plots, dividing them into two types:

General Development Plan (GDP);
Detailed Development Plan (DDP).

The instrument used by the state and local authorities to formulate and implement specific spatial planning policies for certain territories is the General Development Plan (GDP). Based on this plan, building permits cannot be issued, nor can specific investment projects be implemented.

The GDP defines the predominant purpose and the organization of the individual structural parts of the territories covered by the plan.

A Detailed Development Plan (DDP) defines the specific purpose and manner of development of individual land properties within the scope of the plan. Detailed plans specify the layout and building regulations for the territories of settlements and their cadastral areas, as well as for smaller settlement formations. The provisions of detailed plans are mandatory for investment design.

From a legal perspective, a DDP is an individual administrative act, establishing the planning status of each property within its scope and defining what can be built on it.

Types of Detailed Development Plans (DDPs)

By territorial scope, DDPs are divided into plans for:

Settlements with their lands, as well as structural parts of settlements with their immediately adjacent land areas;
Settlements and settlement formations, or parts of them, covering part of a neighborhood, one or more neighborhoods;
Lands or parts of lands.

By content and mode of operation, DDPs are divided into:

Regulation and development plan – RDP (plan for street and land plot regulation and building regime);
Regulation plan – RP (plan for street and land plot regulation without a building regime); the regulation plan can be a street regulation plan – SRP (plan regulating only streets and land plots for public property);
Development plan – DP;
Working Development Plan (WDP) – a plan for building layout and silhouette shaping. A Working Development Plan (WDP) is prepared for a limited part of the territory (an individual regulated plot (UPI) or a group of regulated plots) and is developed based on an existing Detailed Development Plan (DDP) or simultaneously with it. The WDP specifies the provisions of the existing DDP. A WDP cannot change the character or type of development established by the existing DDP. The WDP determines:
the exact location and outline of buildings on the plan, as well as the minimum distances between them and to property boundaries, in accordance with the allowable density and intensity of development for the respective planning zone;
the required silhouettes, specifying maximum building heights and ridges in absolute levels, the number of floors, roof shapes and slopes, and the architectural relationship between buildings to ensure proper architectural and spatial composition.
Parcel plans for elements of technical infrastructure outside the boundaries of urbanized areas.

The stages in preparing the respective Detailed Development Plan (DDP) are:

Conducting geodetic measurements;
Dendrological survey;
Preparation of a justified proposal;
Depending on the issued order for admission to the planning procedure, it may be necessary to prepare schemes under Article 108 of the SDA for water supply, sewage, electricity, telecommunications, transport schemes and plans, gasification, etc.;
Preparation of the DDP;
The prepared plans and schemes are coordinated, if necessary, with the Water and Sewerage Company, Electricity Distribution, Basin Directorate, Irrigation Systems, Green Systems, Regional Environmental Inspectorate, and other institutions specified in the admission order;
After all required approvals, the prepared documents are submitted to the municipal administration for processing and announcement.

The time required for each specific case can be determined by our experts after a preliminary assessment.

When is the preparation or amendment of a Detailed Development Plan (DDP) required?

The preparation or amendment of a Detailed Development Plan (DDP) is required in several main cases: when a land plot is being regulated for construction, when the land use designation changes, when building arrangements in regulated plots are modified, during the subdivision or consolidation of regulated plots, as well as for corrections to an existing cadastral plan.

Classification of Lands According to Construction Potential

sylvie — Wed, 10 Sep 2025 12:28:16 +0000

Classification of Lands According to Construction Potential

They are divided into land with limited development opportunities, unregulated and regulated land.

Lands with Limited Construction Potential

These are properties that belong to the agricultural fund, the state forest fund, and the 200-meter coastal strip outside populated areas. Construction is possible on these lands, but under a very strict regulatory regime.

Unregulated Land

These are lands located in unregulated settlements, in still unregulated parts within the building boundaries of a settlement, or lands allocated for use under various decrees of the Council of Ministers and defined by a surrounding polygon (a closed line outlining temporary external boundaries), particularly agricultural lands.
These areas have limited construction potential, and any structures built on them have temporary status. This means that upon future regulation or for other reasons, existing buildings, fences, external networks, and conduits may need to be removed.

Regulated Land

These are lands and plots located within the building boundaries of settlements and falling within planning zones with enacted development and regulation plans. They have a stable urban planning status and good construction potential.

Lightning Protection Grounding System

sylvie — Tue, 09 Sep 2025 12:29:03 +0000

Why is a lightning protection earthing installation necessary?

The lightning protection grounding system is essential because it plays a key role in protecting buildings, structures, and people in the event of a lightning strike. Scientifically speaking, when lightning hits a building or a nearby object, an extremely high electric current passes through it, which can cause serious damage or fires. The grounding system provides a controlled path for this current to flow into the earth, safely dissipating the lightning’s energy.

When a building is struck by lightning without grounding, the electrical impulse can overload electrical installations, damage electronics, and even pose a life-threatening risk to people through electric shocks. Grounding acts as an “exit door” through which the lightning current is safely released into the ground, preventing dangerous voltage inside the building.

Here’s an example: imagine lightning as a massive, swirling flow of energy seeking a path to the ground, as if searching for the shortest and safest exit from its perilous journey through the sky. The grounding system is like a magical bridge or secret door that channels this raging electrical current straight into the earth, leaving no damage or fires in your home or office. It is the lifesaving “stage” of lightning protection, making the immense power and fury of lightning harmless and invisible to us. Without it, lightning could turn a cozy home into a fiery spectacle no one wants to witness.

Benefits of professional design of earthing and lightning protection installations

A properly designed and constructed earthing system not only protects property, but also saves lives in thunderstorms.

Our team offers professional design services for both active and passive lightning protection systems, as well as grounding installations.